space.template.Who+Stole+Joel's+iPod?

When he realized, he hurried back and found only his biology book and some food crumbs. His iPod was gone! (but the bio book was safe – phew!)  At first, Joel freaked out! He later calmed down when he realized he could use his knowledge of organic compounds to figure out which of his coworkers left the crumbs on his textbook and who took his iPod.  **What are organic compounds? ** Almost all of the food we eat comes from plants and animals. Plants and animals contain mainly water and organic compounds, which are molecules made by living organisms such as plants or animals. The table below lists the most common types of organic compounds found in living organisms. For each type of organic compound, give one or two examples and describe one characteristic, e.g. whether it is greasy, whether it contains genetic material, whether there is lots of this type of organic compound in meat or lots in pretzels and potatoes.  || **Type of Organic Compound **  ||   ||   ||  ||   ||   ||  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Today you will be testing the substances listed in the following table. Predict whether each substance is an organic compound and if so, what type. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">lipid, protein, or none of these? ** || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">What are indicators? ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">An indicator is a substance that changes color in the presence of a particular type of molecule. Today you will learn how to use several indicators to test for the presence of carbohydrates and proteins. You will also use a different type of test for lipids. In your next class, you will use these tests to analyze several types of food and the evidence left at the scene of the crime to find out who left the crumbs on Joel’s textbook. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Testing for lipids ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">If a food that contains lipids is put on brown paper, it will leave a spot that lets light through. To test for lipids, divide a piece of a brown paper bag into 5 sections. Label the sections "vegetable oil", "glucose", "starch", "egg whites", and “water”. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In each section, rub a small amount of the substance onto the brown paper. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">With a paper towel, rub off any excess that may stick to the paper. Set the paper aside until the spots appear dry—about 10 to 15 minutes. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Which sections do you expect to test positive and negative for lipids? || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">5. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Explain the purpose of doing these tests? <span style="height: 113px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 703px; z-index: -13;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">6. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Continue on with the rest of the tests. After all the sections of the brown paper are dry, hold it up to a bright light or window. You will notice that at least one sample has left a spot that lets light through on the brown paper. The spot indicates the presence of lipids. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">7. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Complete the last column of the data table below. Put a plus for any sample that tested positive for lipids and a minus for the samples that tested negative. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sample ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(+/-)  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Iodine test color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch present <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(+/-)  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Biuret test color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein present <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(+/-)  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid present <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(+/-)  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">egg whites  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Testing for Carbohydrates ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Today you will be using chemicals as indicators. You must **wear gloves to protect yourself**. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">You will use indicators to test for two common types of carbohydrates: glucose (a specific type of sugar) and starch. Obtain 5 containers and use masking tape to make labels for each container. Label the containers "vegetable oil", "glucose", "starch", "egg whites", and “water”. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">For each container, add a small amount of the substance indicated on the masking-tape label. Now add about 2 ml of water to each container. Stir the contents of each container to mix the sample and water. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">To test for glucose you will use a test strip with an indicator pad that changes color in the presence of glucose. Prepare a piece of paper with the name of each substance and a place to put the glucose test strip used to test that substance. Dip one test strip into each sample for 1-2 seconds. Remove the strip, put it in the appropriate spot on your labeled paper, and wait 3 minutes. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">5. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Which substances do you expect to test positive and negative for glucose? <span style="height: 102px; margin-left: 14px; margin-top: 5px; position: absolute; width: 709px; z-index: -12;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">6. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Explain the purpose of doing these tests? <span style="height: 116px; margin-left: 14px; margin-top: 0px; position: absolute; width: 710px; z-index: -11;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">7. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">After 3 minutes, record the color for each glucose test strip in the data table on page 2. Put a plus next to those samples testing positive for glucose and a minus for those testing negative. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">8. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">To test for starch you will use iodine as an indicator. In the presence of starch, iodine will change color from yellow-brown to blue-black. Add 5 drops of iodine solution to each container. Stir the contents of each container. **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> CAUTION: //Be careful// ****//<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">when handling iodine; it can stain hands and clothing //**//<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">. // <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">9. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In the data table on page 2, record the color of the iodine solutions. Put a plus next to those samples testing positive for starch and a minus for those testing negative. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Testing for Proteins ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Label five clean containers "vegetable oil", "glucose", "starch", "egg whites", and “water”. Add a small amount of the substance indicated on the label to each container. Add about 2 ml of water to each container. Stir the contents of each container to mix the food and water. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">To test for protein you will use Biuret reagent as an indicator. Biuret reagent turns from blue to purple in the presence of protein. Add 20 drops of biuret reagent to each container. Stir the contents of each container. **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">CAUTION: ****//<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Biuret reagent //****<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> //contains sodium hydroxide, a strong base. Be very careful not to splash or spill any. If you splash any reagent on// //yourself, wash it off immediately with water. Call Mr. Beauman for assistance// **//<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">. // <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Record the color of each Biuret solution in the data table on page 2. Put a plus next to those samples testing positive for protein and a minus for those testing negative. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Rinse all ten containers thoroughly. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Questions ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Compare your predictions in the table on page 1 with your test results in the table on page 2. Were there any differences between your test results and your predictions for what type of organic compound each test substance is? If you found any differences between your predictions and your results, what do you think is the reason for these differences? <span style="height: 150px; left: 0px; margin-left: 6px; margin-top: 7px; position: absolute; width: 718px; z-index: -10;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Did your test for glucose indicate there was glucose in the starch sample? ______________   <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Does that mean that there is no glucose in starch? Why or why not? (Hint: Check your textbook or other reliable source if you do not already know the chemical structure of starch.) <span style="height: 77px; left: 0px; margin-left: 6px; margin-top: 4px; position: absolute; width: 718px; z-index: -9;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. <span style="height: 246px; left: 0px; margin-left: 7px; margin-top: 37px; position: absolute; width: 717px; z-index: -8;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Suppose that for the container containing water you found a positive test for one of the organic compounds. How would you interpret this result? <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Testing Different Types of Food and Testing the Evidence ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Today you will perform all four organic compound tests on one or two of the types of food listed below, or the evidence Joel found at the crime scene (Mr. Beauman will assign you a sample or samples to test). Begin by predicting which types of compounds you expect to find in each type of food you will be testing. || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Food ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Record your positive and negative test results using plus and minus signs in the data table below. For each glucose test strip, record the specific matching color from the glucose test strip bottle or packet (needed for question 1 on page 7). The evidence that Joel found has been separated into a liquid and a solid in two separate bottles. After you perform the tests, input your data onto the overhead projector to share with the rest of the class. Complete the table below using data from your classmates. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> a paste)  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">evidence   || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Questions ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. Compare your predictions in the top table with the results in the bottom table. Were there any differences? <span style="height: 99px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 0px; position: absolute; width: 710px; z-index: -7;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">If you found any differences between your predictions and your results, what do you think is the reason for these differences? You may want to check with your textbook, your teacher, or the nutrition information in the label on each food package to help you interpret your results. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Who took Joel’s iPod? ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The workers in the break room are listed below with the type of lunch they were eating while Joel was studying. As preparation for interpreting the evidence, complete the chart below to indicate what kinds of organic compounds are found in each type of food and what kinds of organic compounds were found in the combined liquid + dry evidence. || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Worker in break room ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Complete the following table to summarize the evidence and your interpretation of the evidence. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Worker in break room ** **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the evidence that supports your conclusion. ** || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Who took Joel’s iPod? Do you have any doubts about your conclusion? Explain. <span style="height: 102px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 4px; position: absolute; width: 710px; z-index: -6;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Questions **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. In this activity you have recorded whether an indicator tested positive or negative for each type of organic compound. We have ignored the fact that different foods contain different amounts of the various types of organic compounds. For example, cream cheese and cottage cheese both have fat and protein, but cream cheese has much more fat than protein, whereas cottage cheese has much more protein than fat. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Most foods contain at least a tiny amount of proteins and lipids since all cells in a plant or animal need to have at least some lipids and proteins. Did you get a positive test for proteins and lipids in all the foods you tested? <span style="height: 42px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 0px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -5;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">How can you explain any cases where you did not get a positive test for proteins and lipids? <span style="height: 78px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 5px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -4;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Use the different colors that were recorded for the glucose test strips and the information on the glucose test strip packet to identify foods that have smaller amounts of glucose vs. larger amounts of glucose. <span style="height: 78px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 7px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -3;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Some foods test positive for glucose, but do not taste sweet. What is one possible explanation? <span style="height: 78px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -2;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Some foods taste sweet, but have very little glucose. What is one possible explanation? <span style="height: 78px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 8px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -1;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. Our bodies are made up of the same types of organic compounds as all other living organisms. Complete the following sentences by filling in each blank to indicate the function of each type of molecule in different parts of our body. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Our muscles contain lots of protein. This protein enables the muscles to <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">_____________________. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Glucose is carried by our blood to all the cells in our body. Our cells use the glucose for <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">_____________________________________. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Lipids are found in fat cells in our bodies. The fat cells store fat molecules to be used for <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">_____________________________________ <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> if a person can not get enough food. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Our bodies do not make starch, but we often eat plant foods which contain starch which we digest to <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">___________________________________ <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, the building block that is used to make starch. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">DNA is a nucleic acid that is found in every cell. DNA carries the <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">________________ <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> information. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. To show your understanding of organic compounds, identify the type of organic compound shown in each diagram and __complete the first three columns__ of the table. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Many large organic compounds are made of multiple repeats of smaller __building block__ compounds. Starch, proteins, and nucleic acids are examples of this type of organic compound. __Circle__ a building block in the starch, protein, and nucleic acid figures, and __write__ the name of the building block in the fourth column. || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Type of Organic Compound ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">   ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Which test is used to detect this compound or type of compound? ** ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Name of building block **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Diagram of Structure of Organic Compound ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8pt;">Adapted from: Dr. Jennifer Doherty, Dr. Ingrid Waldron and Dr. Lori Spindler, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, copyright 2009 <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[1] Adapted from “Identity of Organic Compounds” from Biology Laboratory Manual A from Prentice-Hall; Also inspired by “Crime Scene Activity” by <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-style: normal;">Kathy Paris, Bethel High School http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/ATG/data/released/0535-KathyParis/index.php <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">break room. When he realized, he hurried back and found only his biology book and some food crumbs. His iPod was gone! (but the bio book was safe – phew!) <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">At first, Joel freaked out! He later calmed down when he realized he could use his knowledge of organic compounds to figure out which of his coworkers left the crumbs on his textbook and who took his iPod. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">What are organic compounds? ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Almost all of the food we eat comes from plants and animals. Plants and animals contain mainly water and organic compounds, which are molecules made by living organisms such as plants or animals. The table below lists the most common types of organic compounds found in living organisms. For each type of organic compound, give one or two examples and describe one characteristic, e.g. whether it is greasy, whether it contains genetic material, whether there is lots of this type of organic compound in meat or lots in pretzels and potatoes. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Type of Organic Compound **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Today you will be testing the substances listed in the following table. Predict whether each substance is an organic compound and if so, what type. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">lipid, protein, or none of these? ** || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">What are indicators? ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">An indicator is a substance that changes color in the presence of a particular type of molecule. Today you will learn how to use several indicators to test for the presence of carbohydrates and proteins. You will also use a different type of test for lipids. In your next class, you will use these tests to analyze several types of food and the evidence left at the scene of the crime to find out who left the crumbs on Joel’s textbook. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Testing for lipids ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">If a food that contains lipids is put on brown paper, it will leave a spot that lets light through. To test for lipids, divide a piece of a brown paper bag into 5 sections. Label the sections "vegetable oil", "glucose", "starch", "egg whites", and “water”. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In each section, rub a small amount of the substance onto the brown paper. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">With a paper towel, rub off any excess that may stick to the paper. Set the paper aside until the spots appear dry—about 10 to 15 minutes. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Which sections do you expect to test positive and negative for lipids? || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">5. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Explain the purpose of doing these tests? <span style="height: 113px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 703px; z-index: -13;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">6. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Continue on with the rest of the tests. After all the sections of the brown paper are dry, hold it up to a bright light or window. You will notice that at least one sample has left a spot that lets light through on the brown paper. The spot indicates the presence of lipids. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">7. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Complete the last column of the data table below. Put a plus for any sample that tested positive for lipids and a minus for the samples that tested negative. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sample ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(+/-)  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Iodine test color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch present <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(+/-)  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Biuret test color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein present <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(+/-)  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid present <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(+/-)  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">egg whites  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Testing for Carbohydrates ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Today you will be using chemicals as indicators. You must **wear gloves to protect yourself**. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">You will use indicators to test for two common types of carbohydrates: glucose (a specific type of sugar) and starch. Obtain 5 containers and use masking tape to make labels for each container. Label the containers "vegetable oil", "glucose", "starch", "egg whites", and “water”. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">For each container, add a small amount of the substance indicated on the masking-tape label. Now add about 2 ml of water to each container. Stir the contents of each container to mix the sample and water. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">To test for glucose you will use a test strip with an indicator pad that changes color in the presence of glucose. Prepare a piece of paper with the name of each substance and a place to put the glucose test strip used to test that substance. Dip one test strip into each sample for 1-2 seconds. Remove the strip, put it in the appropriate spot on your labeled paper, and wait 3 minutes. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">5. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Which substances do you expect to test positive and negative for glucose? <span style="height: 102px; margin-left: 14px; margin-top: 5px; position: absolute; width: 709px; z-index: -12;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">6. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Explain the purpose of doing these tests? <span style="height: 116px; margin-left: 14px; margin-top: 0px; position: absolute; width: 710px; z-index: -11;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">7. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">After 3 minutes, record the color for each glucose test strip in the data table on page 2. Put a plus next to those samples testing positive for glucose and a minus for those testing negative. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">8. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">To test for starch you will use iodine as an indicator. In the presence of starch, iodine will change color from yellow-brown to blue-black. Add 5 drops of iodine solution to each container. Stir the contents of each container. **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> CAUTION: //Be careful// ****//<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">when handling iodine; it can stain hands and clothing //**//<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">. // <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">9. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In the data table on page 2, record the color of the iodine solutions. Put a plus next to those samples testing positive for starch and a minus for those testing negative. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Testing for Proteins ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Label five clean containers "vegetable oil", "glucose", "starch", "egg whites", and “water”. Add a small amount of the substance indicated on the label to each container. Add about 2 ml of water to each container. Stir the contents of each container to mix the food and water. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">To test for protein you will use Biuret reagent as an indicator. Biuret reagent turns from blue to purple in the presence of protein. Add 20 drops of biuret reagent to each container. Stir the contents of each container. **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">CAUTION: ****//<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Biuret reagent //****<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> //contains sodium hydroxide, a strong base. Be very careful not to splash or spill any. If you splash any reagent on// //yourself, wash it off immediately with water. Call Mr. Beauman for assistance// **//<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">. // <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Record the color of each Biuret solution in the data table on page 2. Put a plus next to those samples testing positive for protein and a minus for those testing negative. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Rinse all ten containers thoroughly. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Questions ** <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Compare your predictions in the table on page 1 with your test results in the table on page 2. Were there any differences between your test results and your predictions for what type of organic compound each test substance is? If you found any differences between your predictions and your results, what do you think is the reason for these differences? <span style="height: 150px; left: 0px; margin-left: 6px; margin-top: 7px; position: absolute; width: 718px; z-index: -10;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Did your test for glucose indicate there was glucose in the starch sample? ______________   <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Does that mean that there is no glucose in starch? Why or why not? (Hint: Check your textbook or other reliable source if you do not already know the chemical structure of starch.) <span style="height: 77px; left: 0px; margin-left: 6px; margin-top: 4px; position: absolute; width: 718px; z-index: -9;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. <span style="height: 246px; left: 0px; margin-left: 7px; margin-top: 37px; position: absolute; width: 717px; z-index: -8;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Suppose that for the container containing water you found a positive test for one of the organic compounds. How would you interpret this result? <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Testing Different Types of Food and Testing the Evidence ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Today you will perform all four organic compound tests on one or two of the types of food listed below, or the evidence Joel found at the crime scene (Mr. Beauman will assign you a sample or samples to test). Begin by predicting which types of compounds you expect to find in each type of food you will be testing. || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Food ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Record your positive and negative test results using plus and minus signs in the data table below. For each glucose test strip, record the specific matching color from the glucose test strip bottle or packet (needed for question 1 on page 7). The evidence that Joel found has been separated into a liquid and a solid in two separate bottles. After you perform the tests, input your data onto the overhead projector to share with the rest of the class. Complete the table below using data from your classmates. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> a paste)  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">evidence   || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Questions ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. Compare your predictions in the top table with the results in the bottom table. Were there any differences? <span style="height: 99px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 0px; position: absolute; width: 710px; z-index: -7;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">If you found any differences between your predictions and your results, what do you think is the reason for these differences? You may want to check with your textbook, your teacher, or the nutrition information in the label on each food package to help you interpret your results. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Who took Joel’s iPod? ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The workers in the break room are listed below with the type of lunch they were eating while Joel was studying. As preparation for interpreting the evidence, complete the chart below to indicate what kinds of organic compounds are found in each type of food and what kinds of organic compounds were found in the combined liquid + dry evidence. || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Worker in break room ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Complete the following table to summarize the evidence and your interpretation of the evidence. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Worker in break room ** **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the evidence that supports your conclusion. ** || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Who took Joel’s iPod? Do you have any doubts about your conclusion? Explain. <span style="height: 102px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 4px; position: absolute; width: 710px; z-index: -6;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Questions **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1. In this activity you have recorded whether an indicator tested positive or negative for each type of organic compound. We have ignored the fact that different foods contain different amounts of the various types of organic compounds. For example, cream cheese and cottage cheese both have fat and protein, but cream cheese has much more fat than protein, whereas cottage cheese has much more protein than fat. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Most foods contain at least a tiny amount of proteins and lipids since all cells in a plant or animal need to have at least some lipids and proteins. Did you get a positive test for proteins and lipids in all the foods you tested? <span style="height: 42px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 0px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -5;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">How can you explain any cases where you did not get a positive test for proteins and lipids? <span style="height: 78px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 5px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -4;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Use the different colors that were recorded for the glucose test strips and the information on the glucose test strip packet to identify foods that have smaller amounts of glucose vs. larger amounts of glucose. <span style="height: 78px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 7px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -3;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Some foods test positive for glucose, but do not taste sweet. What is one possible explanation? <span style="height: 78px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -2;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Some foods taste sweet, but have very little glucose. What is one possible explanation? <span style="height: 78px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1px; margin-top: 8px; position: absolute; width: 732px; z-index: -1;"> || || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2. Our bodies are made up of the same types of organic compounds as all other living organisms. Complete the following sentences by filling in each blank to indicate the function of each type of molecule in different parts of our body. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Our muscles contain lots of protein. This protein enables the muscles to <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">_____________________. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Glucose is carried by our blood to all the cells in our body. Our cells use the glucose for <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">_____________________________________. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Lipids are found in fat cells in our bodies. The fat cells store fat molecules to be used for <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">_____________________________________ <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> if a person can not get enough food. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Our bodies do not make starch, but we often eat plant foods which contain starch which we digest to <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">___________________________________ <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, the building block that is used to make starch. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">DNA is a nucleic acid that is found in every cell. DNA carries the <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14pt;">________________ <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> information. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3. To show your understanding of organic compounds, identify the type of organic compound shown in each diagram and __complete the first three columns__ of the table. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Many large organic compounds are made of multiple repeats of smaller __building block__ compounds. Starch, proteins, and nucleic acids are examples of this type of organic compound. __Circle__ a building block in the starch, protein, and nucleic acid figures, and __write__ the name of the building block in the fourth column. || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Type of Organic Compound ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">   ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Which test is used to detect this compound or type of compound? ** ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Name of building block **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Diagram of Structure of Organic Compound ** <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8pt;">Adapted from: Dr. Jennifer Doherty, Dr. Ingrid Waldron and Dr. Lori Spindler, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, copyright 2009 <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[1] Adapted from “Identity of Organic Compounds” from Biology Laboratory Manual A from Prentice-Hall; Also inspired by “Crime Scene Activity” by <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-style: normal;">Kathy Paris, Bethel High School http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/ATG/data/released/0535-KathyParis/index.php
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Examples **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Characteristic or Type of Food That Has Lots of This Type of Organic Compound **  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Carbohydrates
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipids
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Nucleic acids
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Proteins
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Substance **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Do you think this substance is a carbohydrate,  **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Vegetable oil || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch from corn or potatoes || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Powdered egg whites || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Water || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Carbohydrate Tests ** ||||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein Test **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid Test **  ||
 * ^  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Test strip color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose present
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Vegetable oil  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch from corn or potatoes  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Powdered
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Water  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Do you expect this food to contain ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose? **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch? **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein? **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid? **  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pretzel || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Butter || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Jelly || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Fat-free yogurt || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Beans || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Food ** ||||||||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Carbohydrate Tests **  ||||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein Test **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid Test **  ||
 * ^  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Test strip color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose present    ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Iodine test color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch present   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Biuret test color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein present   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid present   ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pretzel (crumble into the container)  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Butter  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Jelly  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Fat-free yogurt  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Beans (mash into
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Dry part of Joel’s
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Liquid part of Joel’s evidence  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lunch/Snack ** ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid **  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Jose || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bean burrito with cheese  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ashley || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> Fat-Free Yogurt  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bruce || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Toast with butter and jelly  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kiara || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pretzel  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Thief || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Combined liquid + dry evidence  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Did he/she take Joel’s ipod? **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">How do you know?  **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Jose
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ashley
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bruce
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kiara
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Functions **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 33px; margin-left: 2px; margin-top: 15px; position: absolute; width: 37px; z-index: 4;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif width="37" height="33"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 76px; margin-left: -6px; margin-top: 8px; position: absolute; width: 244px; z-index: 5;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif width="244" height="76"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">   || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 79px; margin-left: 7px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 134px; z-index: 1;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.jpg width="134" height="79"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 152px; margin-left: -7px; margin-top: 3px; position: absolute; width: 147px; z-index: 2;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif width="147" height="152" caption="http://matcmadison.edu/biotech/resources/proteins/labManual/images/220_04_113.png"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Not tested for   || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 122px; margin-left: -6px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 244px; z-index: 3;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif width="244" height="122"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Examples **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Characteristic or Type of Food That Has Lots of This Type of Organic Compound **  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Carbohydrates
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipids
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Nucleic acids
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Proteins
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Substance **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Do you think this substance is a carbohydrate,  **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Vegetable oil || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch from corn or potatoes || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Powdered egg whites || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Water || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Carbohydrate Tests ** ||||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein Test **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid Test **  ||
 * ^  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Test strip color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose present
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Vegetable oil  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch from corn or potatoes  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Powdered
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Water  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Do you expect this food to contain ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose? **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch? **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein? **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid? **  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pretzel || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Butter || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Jelly || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Fat-free yogurt || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Beans || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Food ** ||||||||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Carbohydrate Tests **  ||||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein Test **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid Test **  ||
 * ^  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Test strip color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose present    ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Iodine test color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch present   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Biuret test color   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein present   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid present   ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pretzel (crumble into the container)  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Butter  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Jelly  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Fat-free yogurt  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Beans (mash into
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Dry part of Joel’s
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Liquid part of Joel’s evidence  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lunch/Snack ** ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Glucose **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Starch **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Protein **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lipid **  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Jose || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bean burrito with cheese  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ashley || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> Fat-Free Yogurt  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bruce || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Toast with butter and jelly  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kiara || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pretzel  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Thief || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Combined liquid + dry evidence  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Did he/she take Joel’s ipod? **  ||  **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">How do you know?  **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Jose
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ashley
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bruce
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kiara
 * **<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Functions **
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 33px; margin-left: 2px; margin-top: 15px; position: absolute; width: 37px; z-index: 4;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif width="37" height="33"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 76px; margin-left: -6px; margin-top: 8px; position: absolute; width: 244px; z-index: 5;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif width="244" height="76"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">   || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 79px; margin-left: 7px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 134px; z-index: 1;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.jpg width="134" height="79"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 152px; margin-left: -7px; margin-top: 3px; position: absolute; width: 147px; z-index: 2;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif width="147" height="152" caption="http://matcmadison.edu/biotech/resources/proteins/labManual/images/220_04_113.png"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||
 * <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">   ||  <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Not tested for   || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  || <span style="height: 122px; margin-left: -6px; margin-top: 1px; position: absolute; width: 244px; z-index: 3;">[[image:file:///C:/Users/MARTHA%7E1.MOO/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif width="244" height="122"]] <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt;">  ||